From the time of incorporation (February 4, 1794) to the present, the town of Alfred has established some well-rooted historic and archeological significances. Evidence to that includes, but is not limited to, the listing of the Alfred Historic District in the National Register of Historic Places. The District is in the center of the village, located southwest to northeast on Route 202 and 4 (Oak Street) and along Kennebunk Road and Saco Road. The village and buildings within the district have changed little in the last one hundred years. The National Historic Register lists 48 homes in the district.

Besides the Alfred Historic District, the Alfred Historical Committee has identified an additional 45 buildings outside the District as being of historical importance. Many, possibly all, of these buildings may be eligible for nomination to The National Register of Historic Places. Further study will be needed for sufficient documentation.