Colts Neck Township has a land area of 31.70 square miles (82.1 km2) and is centrally located in Monmouth County. While the township holds on to its historically agrarian character, increasingly, farmland is being diverted to exclusive, large lot residential development. A large part of Colts Neck's land area belongs to the federal goverments as part of Naval Weapons Stations Earle. County Route 537, in the southern part of the township, is one of the most scenic drives in the county that passes through large farmsteads, lush pasture land, orchards and grazing horses.